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CDC Guidance | Childhood | COVID-19 | Flu | Pertussis (Whooping Cough) | Pneumococcal Disease | RSV | Vaccines

Infectious Respiratory Disease Immunization Timeline: Children and Adolescents (Ages 6-17)

Immunization is the best protection against many infectious respiratory illnesses. Vaccines strengthen our immune defenses and reduce the severity and spread of disease.
Last Updated 12/23/2025
Infectious Respiratory Disease Immunization Timeline: Children and Adolescents (Ages 6-17)
CDC Guidance | Childhood | COVID-19 | Flu | Pertussis (Whooping Cough) | Pneumococcal Disease | RSV | Vaccines

Infectious Respiratory Disease Immunization Timeline: Babies and Young Children (Ages 2 Months-6 Years)

Immunization is the best protection against many infectious respiratory illnesses. Vaccines strengthen our immune defenses and reduce the severity and spread of disease.
Last Updated 12/23/2025
Infectious Respiratory Disease Immunization Timeline: Babies and Young Children (Ages 2 Months-6 Years)
Vaccines | CDC Guidance | Childhood | COVID-19 | Flu | Infectious Respiratory Diseases | Older Adult | Pertussis (Whooping Cough) | Pneumococcal Disease | RSV

Infectious Respiratory Disease Immunization Timelines

Immunization is the best protection against many infectious respiratory illnesses. Learn more about the timelines for vaccination against infectious respiratory diseases for different groups of individuals.
Last Updated 12/19/2025
Infectious Respiratory Disease Immunization Timelines
Childhood | COVID-19 | Flu | Infectious Respiratory Diseases | Pertussis (Whooping Cough) | Pneumococcal Disease | RSV | Vaccines

Why Respiratory Vaccines Matter for Kids

Last Updated 12/18/2025

This respiratory illness season, families in communities around the country face vaccine-preventable diseases that can cause serious illness in children — from the flu, COVID-19, whooping cough, pneumococcal disease, and RSV, to measles. Meanwhile, recent data show that vaccination rates in children continue to decline, leaving them more vulnerable and susceptible to severe illness.

Given this landscape, many parents and caregivers have questions about pediatric vaccines, including access through the federal Vaccines for Children program. This is a critical moment for vaccine champions to reinforce focus on pediatric vaccine uptake and strategies that help protect against severe respiratory illness.

Experts in pediatric care, public health, and vaccine policy discussed the critical role that respiratory vaccines play in keeping children safe and practical tools for supporting childhood vaccination during respiratory illness season and beyond.

Panelists included:

| Childhood | COVID-19 | Flu | Immunocompromised | Infectious Respiratory Diseases | Older Adult | Pertussis (Whooping Cough) | Pneumococcal Disease | Pregnancy | RSV | Vaccines

The Benefits of Immunization for High-Risk Populations

Older adults, young children and people with certain health conditions are at greater risk for severe respiratory disease. Vaccines provide important protection.
Last Updated 03/12/2025
The Benefits of Immunization for High-Risk Populations
Pneumococcal Disease | Childhood | Vaccines

What to Know About Pneumococcal Vaccines for Children and Adolescents

Pneumococcal disease is dangerous for children and adolescents, and those under 5 years of age are especially at risk. Getting the pneumococcal vaccine helps prevent severe infections that can lead to hospitalization or even death.
Last Updated 03/06/2025
What to Know About Pneumococcal Vaccines for Children and Adolescents
Vaccines | Childhood | Cost and Coverage | COVID-19

Examining the Vaccines for Children Program and Its Role in Providing Kids with COVID-19 Vaccine Coverage

Last Updated 11/11/2023

Vaccines are among the most effective ways to help protect children from many serious and potentially deadly diseases. Unfortunately, the number of children in the U.S. who are up to date on routine vaccinations has declined in recent years, putting them at increased risk for infection. This continued backslide in childhood immunizations and low rates of COVID-19 vaccination is especially alarming as we approach winter months when cases of respiratory illness typically increase. With updated COVID-19 vaccines now available, there is an opportunity to reinforce the importance of pediatric vaccination and answer parents’ questions about recommended vaccines, coadministration, and coverage when administering annual flu vaccines or during well-child visits.

To help address these and other questions, the CVEEP and the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases (NFID) co-hosted an online event to examine how the federally funded Vaccines for Children (VFC) Program covers payment of COVID-19 vaccines for children. During the 60-minute webinar, panelists discussed the importance of VFC, including eligibility and how the program covers updated COVID-19 vaccines, and proven strategies for combatting disparities in childhood immunization rates.

Panelists included:

The discussion was moderated by Patricia (Patsy) A. Stinchfield, RN, MS, CPNP, NFID President, past voting member and current liaison to the CDC Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) representing the National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners (NAPNAP).

Vaccines | Childhood | COVID-19

Preparing For a Safe Summer: Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy Among Parents in the U.S.

Last Updated 06/15/2023

In response to recent CDC data showing a decline in routine childhood immunizations in young children, The COVID-19 Vaccine Education and Equity Project (CVEEP) partnered with Dr. Katelyn Jetelina of Your Local Epidemiologist on an online event series aimed at parents to build vaccine confidence and overcome hesitancy issues. A Facebook Live addressing misinformation and vaccine questions for parents that are considering sending their children to summer camp took place on June 15th at 12 pm ET.

Featured speakers included:

Dr. Katelyn Jetelina of Your Local Epidemiologist moderated the discussion.

Vaccines | Childhood | COVID-19

Unpacking Childhood Vaccine Hesitancy Within the Hispanic Community

Last Updated 03/20/2023

In response to recent CDC data showing a decline in routine childhood immunizations in young children, The COVID-19 Vaccine Education and Equity Project (CVEEP) partnered with Dr. Katelyn Jetelina of Your Local Epidemiologist on an online event series aimed at parents to build vaccine confidence and overcome hesitancy issues. An Instagram Live addressing misinformation and vaccine questions for parents in the Hispanic community was held March 20th at 8pm ET. Featured speakers included:

Dr. Jetelina moderated the discussion, which can be viewed here.

Vaccines | Childhood | COVID-19

Overcoming Childhood Vaccine Hesitancy in the Black Community

Last Updated 03/13/2023

In response to recent CDC data showing a decline in routine childhood immunizations in young children, The COVID-19 Vaccine Education and Equity Project (CVEEP) is partnering with Dr. Katelyn Jetelina of Your Local Epidemiologist on an online event series aimed at parents to build vaccine confidence and overcome hesitancy issues. An Instagram Live addressing questions and considerations for parents in the Black community was held on March 13. Featured speakers included:

Dr. Jetelina moderated the discussion, which can be viewed here.